Saturday 12 October 2013

Magnesisum Catalysts for the copolymerisation of CO2 and Epoxides

Project description
The research proposal should follow EPSRC guidelines in terms of style.
http://www.epsrc.ac.uk/funding/guidance/preparing/Pages/writing.aspx
And it should contain: Background, Introduction, Aims and Objectives, Methodology, Risk Management and References
The first part of the proposal is the synthesis of three epoxides: norbornene oxide, menthene oxide and a-Pinene oxide. One of the reason for chosen them is that they are from renewable sources. And other reasons like Tg or steric hindrance should be explained also.
The catalyst used for the copolymerisation is dinuclear with two Mg centres. And then the resulting polymers are characterized by appearance, NMR, IR, GPC, MALDI, DSC and mechanical properties.
The second part of the proposal is the lactide polymerisation using the successful catalyst proved in the first part as lactide is ever more abundant that can be found in corn, wheat, rice and so on.

Some useful literatures are listed below
1) M. R. Kember, P. D. Knight, P. T. R. Reung, C. K. Williams, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2009, 48, 931-933. 2) M. R. Kember, A. J. P. White, C. K. Williams, Inorg. Chem., 2009, 48, 9535-9542.
3) M. R. Kember, A. J. P. White, C. K. Williams, Macromolecules, 2010, 43, 2291-2298. 4) A. Buchard, M. R. Kember, K. G. Sandeman,C. K.Williams, Chem.Commun., 2011, 47, 212-214. 5) F. Jutz, A. Buchard, M. R. Kember, S. B. Fredriksen, C. K. Williams, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Article ASAP, 2011. 6) M. Okada, Prog. Polym. Sci., 2002, 27, 87-133. 7) M. R. Kember, A. Buchard, C. K. Williams, Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 141-163.
8) G. W. Coates, M. A. Hillmyer, Macromolecules, 2009, 42, 7987. 9) A. Gandini, Macromolecules, 2008, 41, 9491. 10) C. K. Williams, M. A. Hillmyer, Polymer Reviews, 2008, 48, 1. 11) http://en.european-bioplastics.org/ 12) N. MacDowell, N. Florin, A. Buchard, J. Hallet, A. Galindo, G. Jackson, C. S. Adjiman, C. K. Williams, N. Shah, P. Fennell, Energy & Environmental Science, 2010, 3, 1645.
13) G. W. Coates, D. R. Moore, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2004, 43, 6618.
14) http://www.marketresearch.com/GBI-Research-v3759/Polycarbonate-Forecasts-Growth-Trends-Increased-2794223/ 15) D. J. Darensbourg, Chem. Rev., 2007, 107, 2388. 16) K. Komiya, S. Fukuoka, M. Aminaka, K. Hasegawa, H. Hachiya, H. Okamoto, T. Watanabe, H. Yoneda, I. Fukawa, and T. Dozono, Green Chemistry, Chapter 2, 1996, pp. 20
17) S. Inoue, H. Koinuma and T. Tsuruta, J. Polym. Sci. , Part B: Polym. Lett., 1969, 7, 287
18) D. R. Moore, M. Cheng, E. B. Lobkovsky and G. W. Coates, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 11911-11924. 19) B. Y. Lee, H. Y. Kwon, S. Y. Lee, S. J. Na, S. I. Han, H. S. Yun, H. Lee and Y. W. Park, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 3031.
20) M. R. Kember, C. K. Williams, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 15676-15679

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